Pain medicine is a super-speciality branch of modern medicine based on the concept of a comprehensive approach to relieve suffering and improve the quality of life of those suffering from long standing pain due to various conditions.
Pain management is a super specialised branch of medicine which is accomplished after completing their MBBS and MD degree. Dedicated fellowships or DM training is pursued by interested doctors to treat various chronic pain conditions.
Chronic pain anywhere in the body, present from at least 3 to 6 months, most commonly back pain or sciatica, neck pain, shoulder pain, knee pain and arthritis. Other conditions include headaches, fibromyalgia, cancer pain, nerve related pain, trigeminal neuralgia, persistent post-surgical pain, complex regional pain syndrome and post amputation pain.
An individualised treatment plan for each patient is made after thorough history taking, clinical examination and getting the required investigations. Comprehensive treatment strategy is given using pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. And in advanced chronic pain cases, interventional pain procedures are done.
These are all percutaneous injections and procedures which are done under image guidance ie. By using X-ray (C-arm) or ultrasound machine. These procedures are all done to diagnose and specifically deliver the drugs to the pathological site. These are performed at the joints like knee, shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip and ankle, spine involving neck, thoracic and lumbosacral regions. The aim of these procedures is to avoid any joint or spine surgery.
Long term success rates in majority of the cases are excellent. Treatments are very effective when performed early and by skilled experts. After the intervention, the patient is advised a rehabilitation program which includes home based exercise and lifestyle modifications.
Different medications like dextrose prolotherapy, platelet rich plasma (PRP), ozone, local anaesthetics and steroids are used depending on the progression of disease. Usage and dosage of all these injections are evidence based and according to the published treatment guidelines only.
Radiofrequency ablation, sympathetic blocks, neurolysis, vertebroplasty, intra-thecal drug delivery system and spinal cord stimulation.
To perform these interventional procedures, it takes 30 to 60mins. They are done inside the operation theatre to maintain strict asepsis and monitor the vitals. And post procedure observation stay in the hospital is required for 2-4 hours. Mostly these are all day-care procedures.
Many spine-related procedures and few other procedures are covered under insurance.
No hospitalization stays’ of more than 6 - 8 hours is required.
These procedures have very minimal side effects like infection, bleeding, etc. When compared to any kind of surgery, open or laparoscopic, these side effects of interventional pain procedures are negligent and hence the preferred choice of treatment over surgery.
Yes, it can be done scheduled on the same day as well. Waiting time depends on getting prior insurance approval and a few preliminary medical tests.
These procedures are minimally painful until the local anaesthetic action initiates. General anaesthesia or sedation is not required usually for these procedures.
Physiotherapy is beneficial and helpful but in chronic pain conditions it is suggested to consult a pain management specialist and start treatment along with physiotherapy treatment modalities.
Usually, 1 to 2 sessions are required with a gap of one or two months.
Pain is the most debilitating and crippling symptom in cancer. We as pain management specialist can perform sympathetic blocks, spine related procedures and vertebroplasty to decrease cancer pain.